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- $Unique_ID{BRK00068}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{What is TMJ?}
- $Subject{jaw mandible TMJ Digestive System temporomandibular joint alignment
- misalignment joints musculoskeletal system connective tissue tissues mouth
- mandibulae}
- $Volume{I-11,M-11}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
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- What is TMJ?
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- QUESTION: What is TMJ? Would you please discuss it and its treatment?
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- ANSWER: "TMJ" stands for "temporomandibular joint" and usually refers to
- problems with that joint. The joint is the one that allows your jaw to open,
- shut and slide your chin forward. It's a joint that takes a lot of stress,
- even under the best of conditions. Its proper alignment and function depends
- on many factors, including your teeth, the muscles of your face and mouth, and
- your ways of coping with stress.
- The range of problems with TMJ is broad, but any disruption of its
- function usually results in a misalignment of the teeth and jaw and gradual
- deterioration of the joint.
- The causes of TMJ problems are varied; I'll discuss a few of them. Mouth
- or jaw injuries, such as those occurring in auto accidents or sports injuries
- often start the TMJ problems. The jaw becomes misaligned due to the injury,
- and the joint wears unevenly due to the misalignment. The TMJ problems may
- develop slowly, over a period of years after the injury. Personal habits such
- as chewing pencils or ice, grinding teeth, or clenching the jaw from tension
- can also create a TMJ problem.
- What are the symptoms of TMJ? Face or jaw pain, noises such as a
- clicking when the jaw is opened, or difficulty in opening the jaw are all
- symptoms. Some people report that the jaw pain travels to the head, neck,
- ears, shoulders and arms. TMJ should be suspected in anyone who suffers from
- frequent headaches that have no known cause. The symptoms worsen over the
- years unless the problem is treated.
- Accurate diagnosis of TMJ is important before treatment can be begun.
- Specialized x-rays, especially a process called video arthrography, are part
- of the diagnostic workup. Determining exactly how the different parts of the
- temporomandibular joint function in relation to one another is crucial to
- treating the problem with success.
- The problem may not be in the joint itself; it may be located in the
- powerful muscles of the jaw. If this is the case, muscle relaxation is the
- goal. This may be accomplished by learning to control stress, using physical
- therapy to exercise the jaw muscles, or using local anesthetic pain control.
- Sometimes, muscle relaxants are prescribed to help the jaw muscles relax and
- heal. In some cases, a special mouthpiece is designed to realign the mouth
- and ease the pressure on the jaw joint.
- If the problem is severe and does not respond to less permanent
- treatment, the alignment of the jaw and mouth must be altered. This can be
- accomplished in a variety of ways, but should only be undertaken when other
- methods fail, because the treatment is permanent and cannot be reversed.
- Changing the alignment of the teeth and jaw should only be attempted by
- someone who is well-experienced in successful treatment of TMJ. Sometimes the
- alignment of teeth is altered by grinding the surfaces so that the upper and
- lower teeth meet more harmoniously. In more severe cases, surgery is
- performed to repair the temporomandibular joint. If the jaw joint is found to
- be deteriorated beyond repair, an artificial joint can be used to replace it.
- In some parts of the country, arthroscopes are being utilized to diagnose
- and treat some forms of TMJ disorder. This shows great promise, because the
- physician can see directly into the joint with only a minimal incision, and he
- can treat the problem without extensive surgery.
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- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
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